Italian Earthquakes Aftershocks Update

Earthquake and aftershocks Northern Italy : May 29 (15+ dead and 7 missing) aftershocks as powerful as the May 20 mainshock (7 dead)

Last update: May 29, 2012 at 3:40 pm by By 

Most important Earthquake Data:
Magnitude : Mw5.8
UTC Time : Tuesday, May 29, 2012 at 07:00:03 UTC
Local time at epicenter : Tuesday, May 29, 2012 at 09:00:03 AM at epicenter
Depth (Hypocenter) : 9.6 km (USGS), 10.8 (INGV)
Geo-location(s) :
4 km N Mirandola (pop 23,078)
33 km N Modena (pop 181,011)
40 km (24 miles) NNW of Bologna, Italy
59 km (36 miles) E of Parma, Italy

Summary 29/05 – 15:15 UTC – aftershocks, how far away from the mainshock location ?
– A lot of people may be surprised today that totally other towns and villages are being mentioned today. Aftershocks mostly happen along the same fault, but can differ 10 to even 30 km into all directions.  Todays strongest aftershock has an epicenter close to Mirandola and Cavezzo, about 20 km from the mainshock area.
Based on this you can imagine that people are very scared even in Bologna, Parma, Modena and Ferrara

Summary 29/05 – 15:15 UTC – probably 21st highest death toll since 1900
– The number of missing has just been increased to 7 (from 5)
– This would be the 21st highest death toll in Italy from an earthquake since 1900, if 20 people are presumed to be killed from the CATDAT Damaging Earthquakes Database.
– A Facebook campaign is asking to cancel the Military June 2 parade.
– Just like on May 20, we have noticed that the damage is certainly not general though widespread.  The video below shows a car drive through Cavezzo, the direct epicenter area of the first very strong aftershock. Some barns and walls have collapsed, others are still standing like last year.

Summary 29/05 – 14:55 UTC – 
– Next Monday has been called a “Day of National Mourning

Summary 29/05 – 14:30 UTC – 15 people have died – 4 or 5 still missing
– Updating the situation.
– 15 dead with 5 people reported missing. At least 20 people have been also injured.
(of these all have been in the province of Modena – 3 dead in San Felice sul Panaro: two workers and a technician who were doing some investigations on the static nature of the Meta Industry building, 1 death in Concordia (an elderly person killed by a falling cornice (a common way of death during earthquake, where fancy cornices and non-structural elements fall on people), 1 death in Finale, 1 death of the pastor of Rovereto nel Novi, Don Ivan Martini, the victim of falling debris, 2 women died in Cavezzo. 1 woman died buried beneath the rubble of Furniture Malavasi, 2 dead in the rubble of the factory Bbg San Giacomo Roncole in Mirandola, 1 male worker died by crushing through the collapse of the Haemotronic factory (they produce medical equipment).
– 6000 people are homeless as a result of this earthquake.
– Much damage has occurred to cathedrals, buildings and other infrastructure.
– The price tag is expected to equal that of the previous quake on 20 May or even exceed it.
– Further aftershocks have caused damage.

Summary 29/05 – 13:35 UTC  – 15 people have died – 4 or 5 still missing
– The head of the Civil Defense, Franco Gabrielli, just announced that the present dead toll has further increased to 15. 4 or 5 people have been reported still missing.

Summary 29/05 – 13:22 UTC  – Aid offered from other Italian provinces
– SAR and Civil Defense forces from other areas like Sardinia have offered their support to the damaged areas. Italian Civil Defense is leading and organizing aid efforts.

Summary 29/05 – 13:15 UTC  – Bologna minor damage
– 10 families have been evacuated in Bologna. Authorities are currently checking the stability of cracked or damaged buildings.

Summary 29/05 – 12:55 UTC  – School evacuations + early season closure
All schools in the area have been evacuated and we do not think students will be allowed in anymore. This is a precautionary measure. Parents from young children have been asked to pickup their children from elementary schools. School management does not allow children to leave schools unattended.
– The President of the Emilia Romagna province has asked the National Authorities to accept an early school closure as the situation becomes too dangerous in the earthquake zone

Summary 29/05 – 12:40 UTC  – Free WIFI
The authorities in the earthquake area have opened their still working wifi stations to the public. They have removed the passwords who normally prohibit getting into it.

Summary 29/05 – 12:22 UTC – Video from the damage in Cavezzo


Summary 29/05 – 11:40 UTC – 12 deaths reported. 3 major aftershocks. 
It can be expected that further large aftershocks will occur in the area, given this sequence of events. We urge Italians to stay off their mobile phones and to use internet resources instead to help emergency crews.

Summary 29/05 – 11:35 UTC – 11 deaths reported. 3 major aftershocks. 
A twitter photo shows the devastation at Cavezzo where it is presumed that 75% of the houses have been damaged.

The devastation of Cavezzo (from Twitter).

Summary 29/05 – 11:31 UTC – 11 deaths reported. 
San Possidonio will be the most affected town in this area due to these 2 new quakes. The town has about 3828 people.
The steeple of San Possidonio is very famous and is likely to have seen some damage as a result of these quakes.

The Steeple of San Possidonio.

Summary 29/05 – 11:30 UTC – 11 deaths reported. 
Here are the details from INGV of the 2 latest quakes. In addition, our felt reports have shown that these quakes have been felt stronger in some locations.
Magnitude: 5.3
Depth: 6.8km
Region: Pianura Padana Emiliana
Provinces: MODENA,MANTOVA,REGGIO NELLEMILIA
Closest towns: San Possidonio

for more information and updates, go to:    http://earthquake-report.com/2012/05/29/earthquake-and-aftershocks-northern-italy-may-29-aftershock-as-powerful-as-the-may-20-mainshock/

More Earthquakes in Italy

Earthquake Ferrara, Italy : Extremely strong aftershock near Mirandola, Emilia Romagna – 15+ deaths reported

Last update: May 29, 2012 at 2:41 pm by By 

Summary 29/05 – 14:30 UTC – 15 people have died – 4 or 5 still missing
– Updating the situation.
– 15 dead with 5 people reported missing. At least 20 people have been also injured.
(of these all have been in the province of Modena – 3 dead in San Felice sul Panaro: two workers and a technician who were doing some investigations on the static nature of the Meta Industry building, 1 death in Concordia (an elderly person killed by a falling cornice (a common way of death during earthquake, where fancy cornices and non-structural elements fall on people), 1 death in Finale, 1 death of the pastor of Rovereto nel Novi, Don Ivan Martini, the victim of falling debris, 2 women died in Cavezzo. 1 woman died buried beneath the rubble of Furniture Malavasi, 2 dead in the rubble of the factory Bbg San Giacomo Roncole in Mirandola, 1 male worker died by crushing through the collapse of the Haemotronic factory (they produce medical equipment).
– 6000 people are homeless as a result of this earthquake.
– Much damage has occurred to cathedrals, buildings and other infrastructure.
– The price tag is expected to equal that of the previous quake on 20 May or even exceed it.
– Further aftershocks have caused damage.

Summary 29/05 – 11:40 UTC – 12 deaths reported. 3 major aftershocks. 
It can be expected that further large aftershocks will occur in the area, given this sequence of events. We urge Italians to stay off their mobile phones and to use internet resources instead to help emergency crews.

Summary 29/05 – 11:35 UTC – 11 deaths reported. 3 major aftershocks. 
A twitter photo shows the devastation at Cavezzo where it is presumed that 75% of the houses have been damaged.

The devastation of Cavezzo (from Twitter).

Summary 29/05 – 11:31 UTC – 11 deaths reported. 
San Possidonio will be the most affected town in this area due to these 2 new quakes. The town has about 3828 people.

Summary 29/05 – 11:30 UTC – 11 deaths reported. 
Here are the details from INGV of the 2 latest quakes. In addition, our felt reports have shown that these quakes have been felt stronger in some locations.
Magnitude: 5.3
Depth: 6.8km
Region: Pianura Padana Emiliana
Provinces: MODENA,MANTOVA,REGGIO NELLEMILIA
Closest towns: San Possidonio

Magnitude: 5.1
Depth: 11km
Region: Pianura_padana_emiliana
Provinces: MODENA,REGGIO NELL”EMILIA,MANTOVA
Closest towns:

Summary 29/05 – 11:25 UTC – 11 deaths reported. 
Latest aftershock has caused additional damage – M5.3 at 6km depth. Then followed by a second of M5.1 at 11km depth. These were both located reasonably close to the mainshock and so will be called aftershocks.

GEOFON is registering the new event as M5.5, and USGS as an M5.6 at 9km depth.

In the very damaging Friuli events of 1976, 3 large shocks were also recorded, 1 in May and 2 in September with around 1000 killed in total.

Summary 29/05 – 11:20 UTC – 11 deaths reported. A M5.3 aftershock and then a M5.1 aftershock 4 minutes after

– 3 magnitude 5 earthquakes have occurred today. The depth of the M5.3 aftershock a few minutes ago was 6.8km, which is shallower and will likely have caused additional damage.

Summary 29/05 – 11:20 UTC – 11 deaths reported.
– A major aftershock of Mw5.6 has just occurred, we have been searching for additional info.

Summary 29/05 – 10:55 UTC – 11 deaths reported.
– At least 11 deaths have occurred according to local authorities. This is expected to climb in the coming hours.
– 1 person has been extracted from the rubble alive in Mirandola.

Summary 29/05 – 10:40 UTC – 10 deaths reported.
– The pastor of Carpi has been injured by falling masonry.
– All railways have been reopened.
– At least 5 workers are presumed to be dead in Emilia as well. There is at this point still confusion to the total death toll, but it is at least 10.

Summary 29/05 – 10:15 UTC – 9 deaths reported.
– There are still industrial workers under the rubble in San Felice.
– Two workers of a dairy in Piacenza were injured (1 seriously) in the storage of ripening cheese ‘Aimi’, for the fall of a large quantity of forms of grana padano from the shelves.
Riccardo Poli, Cremona, 20, resident of Castelvetro, suffered a crushed chest and he ‘was delivered to the Civil Hospital of Cremona’ on the danger list.
Laurentin Danut Popa, Romania, 44 years, has suffered a foot injury.
– Many new building collapses have occurred and the cathedral and the church of San Francesco in Mirandola looks as though it may collapse and is severely damaged.
After the earthquake this morning, new collapses were reported in Mirandola, Finale Emilia and San Felice sul Panaro, the provinces of which were already affected by the quake of May 20.
– There has been other collapses in the Rocca Estense di Finale Emilia, Modena, near the epicenter. The fortress had already been damaged by the earthquake of May 20 and the shock had destroyed a tower of Modena, the symbol of the town.
– The center of Cavezzo is extremely damaged where many historic buildings have collapsed and the roof of the church, already damaged by the earthquake last week has collapsed. For now there are no reports of casualties, but work is still being undertaken.

Summary 29/05 – 09:45-10.00 UTC – 9 deaths reported.
– There are nine confirmed victims of the earthquake in the Modena. 3 in San Felice, due to collapse in the industrial zone Meta, 2 in Mirandola, 1 in Concordia (an old killed by a ledge) and 1 in one to the Final.
The pastor of Rovereto in Novi has been killed, although it is unclear whether the victim of falling debris or an illness. A woman also died in Cavezzo, buried beneath the rubble of Mobilificio Malavasi.
– There have also been a undisclosed number of injured

Summary 29/05 – 09:35 UTC – 8 deaths reported.
– There have also been 2 very severely injured people who may not make it through.
– The Duomo in Mirandola is said to be severely damaged. A twitter photo shows some of the damage.

Twitter picture of the Duomo damage in Mirandola.

Summary 29/05 – 09:30 UTC – 8 deaths reported.
– A M5.8 earthquake has struck just west of the May 20 earthquake in Italy.
– So far 8 people are reported dead .
– 2 deaths in Mirandola, 3 deaths in San Felice sul Panaro, Concordia, Roverto sul Secchia and Finale Emilia.
– Much damage reported from houses. This will likely amount to the same losses seen from the May 20 quake, with already damaged structures having further damage. This quake will also affect further the cheese production in the area.

This earthquake is of course CATDAT Red.

Update 29/05 – 09:25 UTC – 6 deaths reported.
– Workers that were working on removing the rubble from the May 20 earthquakes have also been injured while working on cranes at the start of their day. Our hearts go out to all those affected.

Update 29/05 – 09:20 UTC – 6 deaths reported.
– A sixth person died in Rovereto sul Secchia, but it is unclear whether he/she died from a heart attack or the consequences of a collapse.

Update 29/05 – 09:15 UTC – 5 deaths reported.
– There have been 2 deaths in Mirandola – 1 by falling debris in his house and 1 in an industrial site.
– 1 death has been reported in San Felice sul Panaro.
– 1 death in Concordia.
– 1 death in Finale Emilia.
– 5 or 6 people are still under the debris.

Update 29/05 – 09:05 UTC – An update by INGV as to the location of the earthquake and the aftershocks as shown in red.

29th May Quake and Aftershock locations (more west than the original) courtesy of INGV.

Update 29/05 – 09:20 UTC – 6 deaths reported.
– A sixth person died in Rovereto on the Secchia, but it is unclear whether he/she died from a heart attack or the consequences of a collapse.

Update 29/05 – 09:15 UTC – 5 deaths reported.
– There have been 2 deaths in Mirandola – 1 by falling debris in his house and 1 in an industrial site.
– 1 death has been reported in San Felice sul Panaro.
– 1 death in Concordia.
– 1 death in Finale Emilia.
– 5 or 6 people are still under the debris.

Update 29/05 – 09:05 UTC – An update by INGV as to the location of the earthquake and the aftershocks as shown in red.

29th May Quake and Aftershock locations (more west than the original) courtesy of INGV.

Update 29/05 – 09:00 UTC Still 3 deaths.
– In Bologna, many people ran out to the homes and offices and took to the streets of the old town. Several university departments and schools were evacuated, where classes had just started and where students and teachers were very scared.
– Major train delays can be expected with major problems around Bologna Centrale.

Update 29/05 – 08:55 UTC
3 deaths have been reported. 2 deaths occurred on via Perossaro in San Felice sul Panaro. There has also been a third man killed in Mirandola in Via 25 Luglio. The victims were killed by falling masonry and structures.
We are still awaiting the fate of Mirandola, close to the epicenter, where a shed collapsed on four workers who are under the rubble and firefighters are trying to lead them to safety.

Update 29/05 – 08:45 UTC
– The shock came at about 9am. A M5.8 earthquake, the same as the one that hit 9 days ago.
– The magnitude 5.8 shock has been followed by 8 shocks between 2.9 and 4.0.
– At 9.07 there was a 4.0 degree quake with its epicenter in the province of Modena; at 9.13, an M3.6 with its epicenter between the provinces of Mantua, Reggio Emilia and Modena; 9.30 – a magnitude 3.2 with epicenter in the province of Modena, 9:38 an earthquake of magnitude 3.1 occurred between the provinces of Mantua and Modena, 9:39 a M2.9 between provinces of Mantua and Modena at 9:49; a M3.7 between Mantova and Modena; at 9:59 a shock of M3.3 in the provinces of Mantua and Modena, and finally, a magnitude 3.0 at 10.04 in the province of Modena.

for more information and updates, go to:    http://earthquake-report.com/2012/05/20/very-strong-shallow-earthquake-kills-at-least-3-people-in-the-mantua-ferrara-and-modena-area-italy/

On Sacred Spaces

Uncovering the Ancient Science of Sacred Spaces

aTransitDiagrams.jpgFigure 1. The “rose line” orbital pattern of Venus.

This article is based on The Venus Blueprint: Uncovering the Ancient Science of Sacred Spacesnow available from EVOLVER EDITIONS/North Atlantic Books.

 

In ancient times, astronomers tracked the orbit of Venus very closely, discovering that it traced a pentagonal rose pattern in the sky over eight years (Fig. 1). Caused by a planetary resonance where Venus orbits the Sun thirteen times for every eight orbits of the Earth, this rose-line or “rosslyn” pentacle was greatly revered in the mystery schools. It was even used as a blueprint to design the “sacred spaces” of many famous chapels, cathedrals and temples.

As I came to discover, a sacred space is far more than just a matter of religious belief. It is a special kind of resonant chamber designed to enhance entheogenic communion and focus psychedelic visions. Suppressed long ago by the Roman Church, this was once the real purpose of ancient temples and many medieval cathedrals.

Resonant Symbols of Venus

In 2006, I saw a press release announcing that the resonance patterns of a song had been carved into the arches of Scotland’s 15th-century Rosslyn chapel. Curious as to why resonant patterns would be carved into the architecture of a medieval chapel, I began to study the chapel. It was not long before I began to suspect that Rosslyn had been built to honor Venus and its resonant rose-line.

The most obvious clues were the thirteen cherubs and eight dragons carved into the easternmost pillars, suggestive of the 13:8 Venus-Earth orbital resonance. This connection made sense since the ancient Greeks and Romans considered cherubs the children of Venus while serpent-dragons were also associated with the Venusian goddess Shukra in the Rig-Veda. The discovery in 2010 of two manmade beehives carved into the chapel’s roof seemed to confirm this connection between Rosslyn and Venus, as bees are an ancient fertility symbol for Venus.

Yet, there were more clues that connected Rosslyn with Venus. Pentagrams carved underneath the cherubs suggest the pentagonal rose pattern of Venus while each cherub is shown playing a musical instrument, an obvious reference to the goddess of music. This musical symbolism extends even into the proportions and acoustics of the chapel’s architecture.

For instance, the inner dimensions of the chapel form a double square measuring 36 by 72 feet with a diagonal distance of 80.5 feet that is proportional to the square root of five. Since the famous golden ratio constant is derived from the square root of five and every orbital intersection of the Venus rose-line creates a golden ratio, the chapel seems built to harmonize with Venus. Add to this the fact that the choir loft height of 44.5 feet forms another golden ratio to the total interior length (as 72′ / 44.5′ = 1.618) and it seems hard not to conclude the Lady Chapel was built as a temple to Venus.

Acoustically speaking, these dimensions make Rosslyn chapel a natural resonance chamber that propagates sound evenly while suppressing reverb and echo. It does this because of the damping effect of the golden ratio, long used in the design of “anechoic” musical instruments, auditoriums, recording studios and speaker enclosures. As an ideal acoustical damping enclosure, Rosslyn reflects the same damping effect Venus had on Earth during the harmonic formation of the solar system.

The Venus Blueprint

The presence of so many Venusian symbols would seem enough to qualify Rosslyn chapel as a sacred space. Cherubs, dragons, bees, pentagrams, the golden ratio and acoustical damping all point to Venus as the source of inspiration in the design. Yet, as I dug deeper I found that the chapel was in fact part of a more complex, multi-layered “sacred” geometry corresponding to the human body and fertility.

For example, when the square of the chapel’s overall length is combined with a circle having the same area, Leonardo da Vinci’s famous Vitruvian Man fits perfectly within the chapel’s floor plan. His navel aligns with the east wall; his face fits inside an underground room; and the famous Journeyman or “Shekinah” pillar aligns with his perineum to create an obvious phallic fertility symbol directly in front of the holy of holies altar. Since Leonardo was still a baby when Rosslyn was being built, the chapel’s designers must have learned about the “squaring of the circle” and human-proportioned architecture from Vitruvius’ original treatise De Architectura (Fig. 2).


Figure 2. Vitruvian design of Rosslyn chapel.

But, this is not all. When the triangular façade is laid inward, the tip touches the exact center of the Shekinah pillar. Indeed, a scale model of the Great Pyramid can be unfolded around this central fertility pillar to create the well-known Knights Templar symbol. Could all of this be part of the secret art and architecture of sacred acoustical spaces, I wondered, passed down from antiquity through some esoteric current?
The more I looked, the more sacred geometries I found. Still, I had no idea where this practice had originated or why it would be so important to create such geometrically and acoustically harmonious chambers for religious worship. That is, until I saw a mysterious etching on the south wall of the chapel’s underground sacristy (Fig. 3).

Figure 3. Rosslyn Meru tower etching.
Resembling an oil derrick or electrical tower, the Rosslyn etching has diagonal struts and a flat top with a semicircle funnel or “cup” sitting on top. Through the middle of the tower runs an axis with two wavy lines wrapped around the top like the serpents in a medical caduceus. Finally, as an apparent reference to the orbital geometry of Venus, there is a pentagram star at the top left.

After pouring through various ancient texts to see if anything looked similar, I found a Jainist illustration of a tower modeled after an ancient sacred mountain named Meru. I learned this mountain tower was a Vedic stupa design used in many temples and government buildings. Studying the Rig-Veda, I learned that Meru was not considered a physical mountain at all but instead believed to be an invisible and transcendental mountain that extended from the deepest ocean into the furthest sky – a heavenly place where the gods danced and sang. Of course, this is an obvious anthropomorphization of the planets and stars into deities, but it is much more than this.

According to Vedic grammarian Pingala in his Art of Prosody (400-200 BC), Meru was considered a “mountain of cadence” known today as the Fibonacci series. Since this series converges toward the golden ratio, both Meru and Venus share this constant of nature. Discovering this, I began to wonder if the orbital geometry of Venus might have been used to design Rosslyn as a recreation of the sacred mountain and temple to Venus.

So, I overlaid the orbital geometry of Venus onto the chapel floor plan to see if anything aligned. Drawing a square grid from the orbital intersection points, I was stunned to see the orbital rose-line of Venus align with many features and dimensions of Rosslyn chapel. Converting the rose-line into a stack of pentagrams, I could identify even more alignments with the floor plan, including length and width dimensions, locations of pillars, placement of doors and even the thickness of walls (Fig. 4).


Figure 4. The Venus Blueprint of Rosslyn Chapel.

Surrounding the whole thing with the geometry of an egg, associated with Venus and commonly used in Vedic temple design, I found that the star-egg combination fit perfectly in the chapel. Naming it the “Venus Blueprint,” I hypothesized it was used as a “temple template” to design sacred spaces that would resonate in tune with the 5-fold geometry of the human body and, in particular, the pentagonal egg of the cranial cavity. But toward what purpose would someone go to such trouble? What would be so sacred about this particular design?

Psychoacoustical Temples

Discovering the Venus Blueprint in the floor plan of Rosslyn chapel encouraged me to look for it in the floor plans of other churches, cathedrals and temples. To my astonishment, I found that many other European cathedrals do indeed use the same interior proportions and that many famous temples from antiquity even match the Venus Blueprint. St. Peter’s Basilica at the Vatican appeared to be based on this design, as did the Roman Pantheon and Greek Parthenon. Even Solomon’s legendary Temple of Jerusalem seemed to have been constructed according to the Blueprint.

In finding so many examples, I could only conclude the orbital resonance of Venus had been the guiding model behind ancient temple building for millennia and that Rosslyn was a kind of Rosetta Stone built to teach the world about the Vedic concept known as the Sound Current that flows through everything. It teaches how the pentagonal resonance of Venus was used in ancient temples to ask the goddess to fertilize crops and assist in childbirth. It tells us how she was adored for her celestial fertility and assistance in ascending Meru after death. But most of all, the Lady Chapel teaches us through her musical architecture about spiritual freedom and how to liberate the mind.

In examining the acoustical properties of the chapel, I calculated that at a room temperature of 20°C, the chapel’s prime resonant frequency is 27 hertz with a wavelength equal to the 72-foot interior length of the chapel. This means that the chapel is naturally tuned to A-422.25 – a tuning known as “classical tuning,” used as the standard reference pitch during the 18th century. This is significant because it happens to be a very natural tuning that can help synchronize the human mind with the Earth and all of nature.

Twenty-seven hertz is about equal to the fourth harmonic of the Schumann resonance of the Earth’s ionosphere – the very frequency where the human brain switches from Beta wakefulness to heightened Gamma awareness. Brain wave frequencies above 27 hertz then create the highest state of focus possible. The Gamma range is associated with peak concentration, enhanced memory, an increased perception of reality and even euphoria. The higher the frequency the greater is the cognitive ability.

There is also evidence that Rosslyn was heated during funerary rites to raise its tuning well above A-422.25, elevating human consciousness even more. Describing this practice is an old Scottish legend preserved in a poem by Sir Walter Scott entitled The Lay of the Last Minstrel. Scott tells how the chapel was seen engulfed in flames during the funerals of the Sinclair Barons whose family built Rosslyn chapel.

O’er Roslin all that dreary night,
A wonderous blaze was seen to gleam;
Twas broader than the watch-fire’s light,
And redder than the bright moon-beam.

Seem’d all on fire within, around,
Deep sacristy and altar’s pale;
Shone every pillar foliage-bound,
And glimmer’d all the dead men’s mail.

… Then sudden, through the darken’d air
A flash of lightning came;
So broad, so bright, so red the glare,
The castle seem’d on flame.

… And fill’d the hall with smouldering smoke.

Not coincidentally, the temperature required to gestate a beehive is 33.72°C (equal to 93.7°F) – the very same temperature required to raise the tuning of Rosslyn up to A-432 or what is known as “universal tuning.” At this hive temperature, singing the right chant and music could push the brain further into the Gamma range, perhaps even inducing what is known as “unity of consciousness.”
Thus, the beehives in the chapel’s roof, the symbolic children of Venus, may have been used as a kind tuning fork to measure the temperature and frequency needed to reunify human consciousness, fertilize the spirit and perhaps “hatch” a soul during funerary rites. It appears the Venus Blueprint not only creates a wonderful anechoic acoustical space to cleanly propagate speech and music but also a psychoacoustical space capable of triggering elevated states of consciousness.

Psychedelic Communion

Digging deeper into the history of temple rituals, I uncovered yet another clue that seemed to explain why such psychoacoustical effects were so important to temple builders. It had to do with the long tradition of consuming communal wine and bread in remembrance of various plant deities known as “Green Men.” In Rosslyn chapel, there are over one hundred such Green Men carved into the architecture, symbolizing the importance of communion in temple ritual.
In the Rig-Veda, the Green Man was the moon god Soma who was associated with a communal wine of the same name. Researchers such as R. Gordon Wasson make a convincing case that Soma contained psychedelic Amanita Muscaria or “magic” mushrooms. There are many instances throughout the Vedas ascribing great powers to Soma and its ability to induce religious visions.

Oh, King Soma, prolong our lives
Like the sun who nourishes the days every morning.

The Soma is full of intelligence
It inspires man with enthusiasm
It makes the poets sing.

We have drunk the Soma: we have come to be immortal, we have arrived at the Light, we have reached the Gods.

Half of me is in the skies, and the other extends to the low depths
Have I drunk Soma? I am tall to the utmost, my elevation reaches the clouds Have I drunk Soma? (Rig-Veda 8.48)

This is not an isolated instance. Use of psychedelic or “entheogenic” plants was common in many other cultures as well. This includes the Greek Eleusinian and Dionysian mystery schools, the Roman Bacchanalia and even the ancient Etruscans, who practiced entheogenic communion on what is now Vatican Hill. Persians would ingest psychedelic Syrian Rue seeds used to dye “magic carpets” while the Egyptians ate manna cakes made with psychotropic plants, such as “blue lotus,” Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms or perhaps DMT-rich acacia, the Egyptian Tree of Life.

According to psychology professor Benny Shanon at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, entheogenic communion was also central to the Hebrew temple tradition. The head priest would take a communion in the holy of holies on Yom Kippur that consisted of entheogenic wine and manna. Indeed, Shanon attributes many of the visions and miracles of the Bible to the ingestion of psychoactive plants. He suggests entheogenic communion was a central part of the Essene mystery school, but later replaced by ordinary wine and bread in the Roman Church to ensure religious visions remained exclusive to the priestly class (the Holy See).

In Rosslyn chapel, the many carvings of Green Men with leafy vines growing out of their mouths suggest this same connection through the Essene mystery school back to the ancient Hebrew communion ritual. It would not be a surprise to learn that such communion was even practiced in Rosslyn chapel, perhaps offered as a “consolamentum” to dying barons or taken on auspicious occasions.

Celestial Congress

The true purpose of Vedic temple building was now becoming clear. When combined with entheogenic communion, temples were designed to help propel one’s consciousness into the sky in order to reach the heavenly summit of Mount Meru. Known as enlightenment or ascension, this occurred when one consumed the sacred plant known as the “Savior,” the “Redeemer,” the “Liberator,” and “Anointed One.” Through such psychedelic visions, one might “see the light” and be “born again.”

To help focus and control these visions, first caves and then stone temples were constructed using the Venus Blueprint to help resonate the brain into the Gamma range of frequencies. Known as the “House of the Star” in Canaan and “Place of Intoxication” in Egypt, such temples were likely built according to the Blueprint to fertilize the mind inside the “variegated womb” of Venus. Here the Savior plant could be eaten and reborn into the mind of the worshiper, attaining “Christ [King] consciousness” and rising to the summit of Mount Meru to meet the goddess or other spirit who would impart prophetic visions and great wisdom. Truth is, this is the true religion of the world and unspoken source of prophecy behind countless tales of journeys into the underworld to meet the gods and goddesses.

The two together – the plant god and temple goddess – then represented the celestial congress of the Sun and Venus inside the mind. As I came to understand, this metaphysical union was a kind of reenactment of the rare conjunction of Venus with the Sun known as the Transit of Venus. The Vedic Saivite glosses actually describe this conjunction as the Venusian goddess Shukra being swallowed up by the Sun and later spit out as semen. Indeed, the Sanskrit word Shukra literally means semen. It was the Shukra seed of the Sun that was believed born from Vena’s resonant womb into the waters of the Earth to create life.

“This Vena impels them who are in the womb of the variegated one; the membrane of light measures out the sky. At the contact of the waters and the sun the wise kiss him as an infant.” (Rig-Veda 10.123)

Celestial fertilization of the mind was the real purpose of the temple. Consumption of entheogenic wine and manna symbolized the “virgin birth” of the Sun’s son (the plant sacrament) inside the temple of the mind. In this way, the orbital geometry of Venus provided not only the blueprint for the sacred space of the temple, but also a blueprint for the ritual of ascension known as Holy Communion.

The Venus Transit

Coming in pairs only once a century, the last Venus Transit occurred in 2004 with the next one expected on June 5-6, 2012. Appearing as a black dot as Venus travels across the face of the Sun, the transit was known in ancient times as the circumpunct, Eye of Ra and the Birth of Venus. As the ultimate symbol of celestial fertility, the planet Venus was worshipped in the form of many different goddesses from Isis and Ishtar to Aphrodite and Asherah.

In ancient times, the celestial fertilization of Venus during the transit would have been celebrated in Sumerian, Babylonian, Akkadian and Assyrian temples (called ziggurats) using entheogenic communion and resonant chant. In many cases, sexual intercourse would have been part of the temple rite, representing simultaneous fertilization of the mind, body and spirit. This would have been the deepest meaning of the ancient philosophy “as above, so below.”

In Rosslyn chapel, the Hebrew goddess of Venus named Asherah is represented by the Shekinah pillar. As the harmonic center and point of fertility in the chapel’s floor plan, we might say the Hebrew god Yahweh symbolically inseminates the Lady Chapel here. Yet there is more to it than mere symbolism. There is a very real geometrical correspondence to the actual transit path of Venus across the Sun in 2012 (Fig. 5).


Figure 5. The Venus Blueprint and Birth of Venus through Rosslyn chapel in 2012.

Overlaying the Venus Blueprint onto the actual transit paths, Venus can be seen to align with the bottom two points of the pentagram during the 2004 crossing – then, with a 90-degree turn, pass right through the middle of the Rosslyn floor plan in 2012, reaching the midpoint of its solar crossing precisely at the Shekinah pillar. Symbolically, this path represents a kind of birth canal for Venus, gestating inside the choir’s resonant womb for a while before being born out the rear of the chapel.

With the chapel oriented east-to-west and the Shekinah pillar facing the dawn, the Sun and Venus actually follow an east-to-west path through the sky even as Venus appears to follow the same path across the face of the Sun. As perhaps one of the most profound convergences of planetary harmony, temple design and religious ritual, Rosslyn is a stone map for the 2012 Venus Transit. As the fifth transit pair since Rosslyn was built, Venus joins with the Sun this June 5th-6th to deliver a new Sun.

The question, of course, is how could Rosslyn’s 15th-century designers have known about the geometric alignment between the transit and the chapel’s floor plan? How could they have predicted such an alignment in their design? The truth is they probably knew none of this and did not need to. They simply built their temple according to the Venus Blueprint and everything else just fell into place.

Conclusion

In the end, I became convinced that Rosslyn chapel and many other temples had been designed using the Venus Blueprint or something similar. I believe this was done to focus and control the effect of psychedelic plants while using psychoacoustics to resonate the brain up into elevated Gamma frequencies. Combining sacred plants with sacred spaces, our ancestors were nothing less than spiritual psychonauts. Using an advanced technology of brain resonance – resonating inside-out with entheogens and outside-in using psychoacoustics – they were able to access non-physical realities by methodically altering and controlling states of mind.

Once people were baptized with the sacred waters, the temple became a transceiver and spiritual launch pad to guide them into the realm of the gods. Used in funerary rites, this same technology was used to invoke Venus to guide the dearly departed into the afterlife where they might be reborn to the heavenly summit of Meru. (Fig. 6).

In this way, ancient worshippers were enlightened by the Venusian goddess and “born again” through the Green Man’s “body and blood.” Here was the real savior of humanity – a veritable blueprint for spiritual fertility that inspired vast temple complexes, great cities and proud civilizations. Here was the secret temple template for sacred spaces that guided humanity toward the development of music, science and mathematics, only to be discarded in the rush for political control. This is the forgotten story of the Venus Blueprint and its founding role in the rise of humanity.


Figure 6. Meru temples as a launch pad into the sky.

from:    http://www.realitysandwich.com/uncovering_ancient_science_sacred_spaces

Solar Winds — Purple Skies

PURPLE SKIES: Earth is entering a high-speed solar wind stream, and this is causing geomagnetic activity at high latitudes. First contact with the stream on May 22nd turned the sky over Cumbria, United Kingdom, deep purple:

“The sky was bright because of twilight, but we could still see these faint auroras,” says photographer Jon Cooper.

So far the solar wind has not caused a full-fledged geomagnetic storm, but this could change during the next 24 hours. NOAA forecasters estimate a 15% to 20% chance of storms around the poles as the solar wind continues to blow

from:    spaceweather.com

On the Importance of Trees

Why Trees Matter

By 
Published: April 11, 2012

TREES are on the front lines of our changing climate. And when the oldest trees in the world suddenly start dying, it’s time to pay attention.

North America’s ancient alpine bristlecone forests are falling victim to a voracious beetle and an Asian fungus. In Texas, a prolonged drought killed more than five million urban shade trees last year and an additional half-billion trees in parks and forests. In the Amazon, two severe droughts have killed billions more.

The common factor has been hotter, drier weather.

We have underestimated the importance of trees. They are not merely pleasant sources of shade but a potentially major answer to some of our most pressing environmental problems. We take them for granted, but they are a near miracle. In a bit of natural alchemy called photosynthesis, for example, trees turn one of the seemingly most insubstantial things of all — sunlight — into food for insects, wildlife and people, and use it to create shade, beauty and wood for fuel, furniture and homes.

For all of that, the unbroken forest that once covered much of the continent is now shot through with holes.

Humans have cut down the biggest and best trees and left the runts behind. What does that mean for the genetic fitness of our forests? No one knows for sure, for trees and forests are poorly understood on almost all levels. “It’s embarrassing how little we know,” one eminent redwood researcher told me.

What we do know, however, suggests that what trees do is essential though often not obvious. Decades ago, Katsuhiko Matsunaga, a marine chemist at Hokkaido University in Japan, discovered that when tree leaves decompose, they leach acids into the ocean that help fertilize plankton. When plankton thrive, so does the rest of the food chain. In a campaign called Forests Are Lovers of the Sea, fishermen have replanted forests along coasts and rivers to bring back fish and oyster stocks. And they have returned.

Trees are nature’s water filters, capable of cleaning up the most toxic wastes, including explosives, solvents and organic wastes, largely through a dense community of microbes around the tree’s roots that clean water in exchange for nutrients, a process known as phytoremediation. Tree leaves also filter air pollution. A 2008 study by researchers at Columbia University found that more trees in urban neighborhoods correlate with a lower incidence of asthma.

In Japan, researchers have long studied what they call “forest bathing.” A walk in the woods, they say, reduces the level of stress chemicals in the body and increases natural killer cells in the immune system, which fight tumors and viruses. Studies in inner cities show that anxiety, depression and even crime are lower in a landscaped environment.

Trees also release vast clouds of beneficial chemicals. On a large scale, some of these aerosols appear to help regulate the climate; others are anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral. We need to learn much more about the role these chemicals play in nature. One of these substances, taxane, from the Pacific yew tree, has become a powerful treatment for breast and other cancers. Aspirin’s active ingredient comes from willows.

Trees are greatly underutilized as an eco-technology. “Working trees” could absorb some of the excess phosphorus and nitrogen that run off farm fields and help heal the dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico. In Africa, millions of acres of parched land have been reclaimed through strategic tree growth.

Trees are also the planet’s heat shield. They keep the concrete and asphalt of cities and suburbs 10 or more degrees cooler and protect our skin from the sun’s harsh UV rays. The Texas Department of Forestry has estimated that the die-off of shade trees will cost Texans hundreds of millions of dollars more for air-conditioning. Trees, of course, sequester carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that makes the planet warmer. A study by the Carnegie Institution for Science also found that water vapor from forests lowers ambient temperatures.

A big question is, which trees should we be planting? Ten years ago, I met a shade tree farmer named David Milarch, a co-founder of the Champion Tree Project who has been cloning some of the world’s oldest and largest trees to protect their genetics, from California redwoods to the oaks of Ireland. “These are the supertrees, and they have stood the test of time,” he says.

Science doesn’t know if these genes will be important on a warmer planet, but an old proverb seems apt. “When is the best time to plant a tree?” The answer: “Twenty years ago. The second-best time? Today.”

Jim Robbins is the author of the forthcoming book “The Man Who Planted Trees.”

from:    http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/12/opinion/why-trees-matter.html?_r=1

Japan Coastal Earthquake

Very strong dangerous earthquake along the coast of Hokkaido and Honshu, Japan

Last update: May 23, 2012 at 6:08 pm by By 

Update 16:13 UTC : The data below is a little confusing for some people as USGS indicates “only” a max. MMI V (moderate shaking) and JMA a 5+ (equivalent of MMI VII). JMA Japan is a highly specialized seismological agency and we always tend to believe the local agencies. The testimony below shows that JMA Japan is right. We do not expect a lot more Experience reports as there are very few English understanding people living in these areas. Our Experience reports in Japan are mostly coming from Expats working in the country.

Intensity map, courtesy JMA Japan (dark orange = strongest shaking)

Update 16:01 UTC : Other intensity values :
JMA5- : Noheji-machi Tabasamizawa*, Noheji-machi Noheji*, Higashidori-mura Odanosawa*
JMA 4 : Aomori-shi Hanazono, Goshogawara-shi Sakaemachi, Goshogawara-shi Shikishimacho*, Hiranai-machi Kominato, Hiranai-machi Higashi-tazawa*, Itayanagi-machi Itayanagi*, Sotogahama-machi Kanita*, Hachinohe-shi Minatomachi, Hachinohe-shi Uchimaru*, Hachinohe-shi Nangoku*, Towada-shi Nishi-nibancho*, Towada-shi Nishi-junibancho*, Misawa-shi Sakuracho*, Shichinohe-machi Shichinohe*, Shichinohe-machi Morinokami*, Rokunohe-machi Inuotose*, Tohoku-machi Tonosawayama*, Rokkasho-mura Obuchi, Gonohe-machi Furudate, Gonohe-machi Kuraishi-nakaichi*, Aomori Nambu-cho Taira*, Aomori Nambu-cho Tomabechi*, Hashikami-cho Dobutsu*, Oirase-cho Nakashimoda*, Oirase-cho Kamiakedo*, Mutsu-shi Kanamagari, Mutsu-shi Kanaya*, Mutsu-shi Ohatamachi-nakajima*, Mutsu-shi, awauchimachi*, Higashidori-mura Sunagomata*

Update 15:56 UTC : An ER reader living in Misawa, approx. 75 km from the epicenter wrote a few moments ago :

Woke me up, I think midnight.  I was so scared that I jumped up too quickly and ended up with a cramp in my leg.  It was long too and was getting stronger so husband and I stood under doorway of lodging until subsided a little then went outside. She described the shaking as a strong shaking. Misawa is labeled as a JMA 4 intensity. Some people must have felt it a lot stronger (see above)

Update 15:52 UTC : Based on JMA data (Japan Seismological Service), the max. shaking will be 5+ at Tohoku-machi Kamikita-minami*. 5+ is considered by Earthquake-Report.com as “moderately dangerous”. JMA uses a 0 to 7 scale.

Based on theoretical data from USGS, the max. shaking will be moderate and felt by 76,000 people.

Most important Earthquake Data:
Magnitude :  M6.0 (JMA Japan)
UTC Time : Wednesday, May 23, 2012 at 15:02:25 UTC
Local time at epicenter : Thursday, May 24, 2012 at 12:02:25 AM at epicenter
Depth (Hypocenter) : 50 km (JMA Japan)
Geo-location(s) :
Approx. 60 km from Mutsu, Honshu, Japan
107 km (66 miles) NNE of Hachinohe, Honshu, Japan
119 km (73 miles) ESE of Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan
127 km (78 miles) ENE of Aomori, Honshu, Japan

Update 18:05 UTC :  Minor damage
4 schools in Noheji have broken windows. Other damage has been reported in the museum of Noheji (damage to the ceiling). We will keep you updated if new reports are published.

Update 16:57 UTC : FDMA Japan has issued a new report on 16:40 UTC – good news, still no sign of any damage.  ER expects that the highest intensity area will probably remain damage free.

Update 16:44 UTC : FDMA Japan (Fire brigade who also works as SAR and Emergency forces during earthquake are currently making an assessment of the situation. The heaviest shaking is in the Aomori prefecture. Until now no damage reported as yet. The report has been issued 1 hour ago.

Purple line is subduction fault line – seismic hazard map courtesy USGS

Update 16:30 UTC : We have noticed and reported a very curious swarm of earthquakes more to the south.  A lot of these earthquakes had the same Magnitude than this one but due to the distance from the coast (150 to 200 km) we have only described the phenomenon in our daily lists.  This earthquake as well as all the other earlier ones and the great March 11 destructive one in 2011 are triggered by the same fault. The purple line at right is the subduction fault line where the pacific plate subducts the Eurasian plate. The depth today is a very good illustration of this subducting process. The pacific heavier plate glides below the Eurasian plate and hangs frequently.  When the pressure mounts, it suddenly breaks and generates an earthquake.  The friction points are mostly seen in a rather wide area (a few hundred km’s) along the subduction faults.

Update 16:20 UTC : The earthquake occurred just after midnight and a lot of people must have been already sleeping. Hard to get up this way.

Update 16:20 UTC : There are NO tsunami advisories in effect. In general earthquakes below M7 generate rarely stronger waves

for more information and updates, go to:    http://earthquake-report.com/2012/05/23/very-strong-dangerous-earthquake-along-the-coast-of-hokkaido-and-honshu-japan/

Sofia, Bulgaria Vicinity Earthquake

Strong dangerous earthquake near Sofia, Bulgaria – Summary update

Last update: May 22, 2012 at 1:55 pm by By ll

Most important Earthquake Data:
Magnitude : 5.6 ?
UTC Time :   00:00
Local time at epicenter :
Depth (Hypocenter) : 10 km ?
Geo-location(s) :
23 km (14 miles) W (274°) from SOFIA, Bulgaria
116 km (72 miles) SE (128°) from Nis, Yugoslavia

Shaking map courtesy USGS

Update 00:46 UTC :  The people from Sofia, Pernik and all the surrounding towns are gathering in the streets out of fear for aftershocks.
At Earthquake-Report.com we believe that damage will be inevitable.

Update 00:46 UTC : Our Experience Database is unfortunately down, we are sorry for this. Cause : too high demand.

Update 00:45 UTC : Following the theoretical calculations from USGS,  95,000 people will have felt a very strong shaking (MMI VII).  MMI VII means for earthquake-report.com a potential danger for damage.
932,000 people will have felt a strong shaking.

Update 00:37 UTC : The earthquake happened 10km from Pernik. The nearest populated places are: Studena (18km), Radomir (14km), Rudartsi (18km), Tsurkva (14km), Rayko Daskalovo (17km). The closest civilian airport is Sofia / Vrazhdebna (32km).

Recent Updates:

Summary Update 13:33 UTC 
– The people living at the greater Pernik area have to deal with another problem, heavy rain. Some roofs are seriously damaged and it rains inside the houses.
– No massive destruction but a lot of broken glass, brick pieces, mortar to be cleaned
– The overall damage is told to be superficial, but still widespread in the direct epicenter area and in Pernik
– A lot of people who were afraid to re-enter their houses  have spend the night in their cars. There are still people doing this at this moment.
– 50% of the people in Pernik are reported to have no drinking water
– The chimney of a thermal power plant collapsed in Pernik
– Bulgaria is one of the European countries who has adopted the European EC8 earthquake resistant building code. New buildings will be surely protected against very strong earthquakes, but older buildings will always be problematic
– 60 aftershocks have been recorded since the mainshock at 00:00 UTC. The majority of these aftershocks are too weak to be felt by people.

Earthquake-Report.com wishes to thank the people who shared their experience with this specialized earthquake site. In doing this you are part of an Open Source Press Agency that informs other people in the country minutes after it happens.  These reports may not be underestimated and are as important as the Earthquake data itself.

Update 08:53 UTC : Deputy Prime Minister, Power, Police
– The Bulgarian Deputy Prime Minister has stated that there are no casualties, no serious injuries and no significant national infrastructure damage
– The Deputy Prime Minister said that the situation is totally under control
– Power cuts were experienced in Radomir, a town West of Pernik, but the power has been restored now
– Police patrols have been dispatched all over the country to avoid looting while people where out of their houses out of fear for aftershocks

Summary 07:00 UTC :
– 30 people were slightly injured and all have been released from hospital
– 1 house was destroyed in Rudartski. Only slight damage occurred to other buildings like fallen plaster
– Damage assessments are currently been undertaken.
– This was about as damaging as the 1965 earthquake.

Update 06:36 UTC : From the CATDAT Damaging Earthquakes Database, the following major damaging earthquakes have occurred close to this epicenter.

1555, 1641, 1818, 1848 – major damage near this epicentre.
1858 – multiple earthquakes caused major damage in Sofia with 4 deaths.
1904 – multiple large earthquakes in Gabrovo region.
Late 1938 – Damaged houses in Sofia, and overturned chimneys. From a mild earthquake.
According to Associated Press reports, an earthquake caused damage to several houses in Transylvania on August 30 1941
6 April 1942 – A Rome broadcast heard in London, England, reported that a temblor caused damage at the Bulgarian town of Tutrakan. One hundred houses were said to have been destroyed, but there was no report of casualties. BSSA:
28 January 1965 – Bulgaria; slight damage (intensity VII) in the towns of Rodomir and Pernik and in the villages of Kladnitsa and Roudartzi in the mountainous massif about 30 km south-west of Sofia (Grigorova and Rijikova, 1965)
Late 1977 saw damage in the region of Velingrad from a M5.5 earthquake.

Update 06:19 UTC :

30 people have required medical treatment however, no other casualties have been seen.  The children’s ward in Pernik hospital was evacuated.

Victims who came to the hospital are numbered around 30, most of which were bruised and lacerated by fallen plaster or objects. These were not serious injuries.

The Pernik fault on which the earthquake occurred has not been activated for 100 years.

Update 03:19 UTC :
One of our Sofia readers reports : The Bulgarian networks report for a demolished house in Rudartsi but no casualties except for some people from Sofia and Pernik suffering from high blood pressure from the stress.

Update 03:08 UTC :
– The last local reports we could see was that 1 house was collapsed to the west of Pernik.  A lot of people have been treated for a nervous breakdown, but we have no word on injuries based on the shaking
– A dam in the earthquake area has not been damaged
– We can advise our Bulgarian friends to read the following good article on how to behave during and after an earthquake
– About 30 residents of the city required medical treatment, mainly because of problems with blood pressure after suffering a stress.

Update 02:48 UTC :
– We expect better reports from the 15 km radius of the epicenter in about an hour when daylight will disclose more details.  So far we haven’t heard anything from the villages to the west of Pernik and information out of Pernik, a city with 81,000 inhabitants, is extremely limited.

Update 02:24 UTC :
– Another strong aftershock just occurred in the earthquake zone

An Earthquake-Report.com reader is commenting : Keeps shaking, it\’s scary. The first time the walls shook for around 20 secs, bottles, books, frames falling. It increased before easing off, there were two more shakes right away, and two more in an hour and half and in about two hours. Online advice says it\’s better to stay at home, next to an inner wall, a sturdy furniture or under a bed/table, away from mirrors, windows, kitchen and electricity devices. I am alone with the kid, it\’s scary. I feel a series of  small aftershocks.

Update 02:24 UTC :
– Entire walls are reported to have collapsed in the Western city of Pernik as a result of the earthquake.
– EMSC has reported a lot of aftershocks so far. 2 of them measured 4.7 and 4.6. Not dangerous for normal constructions but they can make people crazy after an earthquake.
– The Sofia area is not the most dangerous in Bulgaria but nevertheless has been labeled as an area with a potential Magnitude of 7.

Landscape near Pernik – Image courtesy Dennyl

Update 02:05 UTC :
– The city of Pernik has a lot of apartment buildings
– The confirmed damage so far is broken windows, fallen chimneys, cracks in walls etc.  We are now 2 hours after the mainshock and this is good news. If the damage should have been widespread, the news must certainly have arrived already in Sofia. The Magnitude is dangerous but not as dangerous as initially reported.
– It will take a few hours more until daylight before a better picture can be made from the damage

Update 01:58 UTC :
– Our I Have felt It system can hardly follow with the many experienced we receive from within Balgaria and from the neighboring countries
– Aftershocks in the -5 range are continuing to strike in the epicenter area. Unless houses became unstable, we do expect no serious damage from these aftershocks.
– Our attention goes to the direct epicenter area to the North West of Pernik. The situation is still very chaotic at the moment.
– Local press in Pernil is saying that the epicenter is in between Pernik and Rudartsi. Other people are claiming the epicenter to be in Radomir.

Update 01:41 UTC :
– EMSC has located the earthquake’s epicenter almost below Meshtitsa. The mayor of Pernik was merely concerned about Batanovtsi from were she has received damage reports.
– A bad sign for eventual damage is the merely soft soil in this area. A lot of farming fields means that the wave propagation can be powerful. More or less the equivalent of the Italian earthquake.

Update 01:38 UTC :
– USGS has decreased his Magnitude from 5.8 to 5.6, which is a big difference in energy. Depth remains unchanged.
– EMSC maintains the M5.7 Magnitude at a depth of 10 km.
– So far we haven’t heard from Pernil, which is a bif city very close to the epicenter
– A lot of people are reporting cracks in the walls
– The Mayor of Pernik Rositsa Yanakieva have gone to town Batanovtsi, which is located near Pernik, since there is evidence that has damaged buildings.

Update 01:24 UTC :
– As could be expected, a lot of aftershocks are hampering the area
– There is information about damaged walls, chimneys, plaster, broken windows, etc. Based on our experience, this is a bad sign and will lead to a lot more damage.
– Earthquake-Report.com also fears for the strength of a lot of houses and buildings. They are mostly build out of brick , which if it not reinforced for earthquakes, collapses easily.

Update 01:17 UTC :
– There is no immediate evidence that the power would have been gone.
– The earthquake was followed almost immediately by two aftershocks of almost equal strength.
– The civil protection and fire brigade departments across Bulgaria have been alerted about minor damages to walls, ceilings, and windows. ER : based on our experience, this is only the beginning. We expect more damage as the time passes.

Update 01:11 UTC :  The earthquake was well felt in the neighboring countries from Macedonia, Serbia and Greece.

Update 01:10 UTC :  The first earthquake measured M5.8. The depth is still unsure. The shaking went on for about 10 seconds. The mainshock was followed by a M4.7 aftershock.

for more information and updates, go to:    http://earthquake-report.com/2012/05/22/strong-earthquake-in-bulgaria/

 

Fuego Volcano in Guatemala – Large Eruption

Fuego in Guatemala has Largest Eruption in Years

El Hierro Overview

The 2011 submarine volcanic eruption in El Hierro (Canary Islands), Spain – Eruption overview

Last update: May 18, 2012 at 6:19 pm by By 

With special thanks to Dr. Carracedo (Geovol) allowing us to publish his report and Joke Volta for facilitating.

Dr. Juan Carlos Carracedo Gómez – ULPGC

Forty years after the Teneguía Volcano (La Palma, 1971), a submarine eruption took place off the town of La Restinga, south of El Hierro, the smallest and youngest island of the Canarian Archipelago. Precursors allowed an early detection of the event and its approximate location, suggesting it was submarine. Uncertainties derived from insufficient scientific information available to the authorities during the eruption, leading to disproportionate civil protection measures, which had an impact on the island’s economy based primarily on tourism, while residents experienced extra fear and distress.

El Hierro, 1.12 million years old, is the youngest of the Canary Islands. Located at the western end of the archipelago together with the neighboring island of La Palma, El Hierro rests on a ca. 3500 m-deep ocean bed.
The principal configuration of El Hierro is controlled by a three-armed rift zone system that gives rise to three ridges that extend from the center of the island in a characteristic ‘Mercedes star’ geometry(Carracedo, 1994), and host the larger part of El Hierro’s subaerial eruptions (Fig. 1A).
This triple-armed shape of El Hierro is further enhanced by the scars of several massive gravitational landslides that truncate all three flanks. The collapse of the north flank, that formed the spectacular El Golfo bay with an almost vertical 1400 m-high escarpment, is the youngest landslide of the entire Canary Archipelago with an age of less than 100 ka. Rift zones, however, also continue underneath the sea surface. The south rift stretches as a submarine ridge for more than 40 km (Fig. 1B), indicating that recent submarine eruptions have occurred there as well.

Fig. 1. A. Geological map of El Hierro (from Carracedo et al., 2001). B. colour shaded relief image of El Hierro viewed from above (from Masson et al., 2002). The subaerial and submarine parts of the South rift are indicated.

During the German research cruise Meteor 43/1 in 1998, lava samples were dredged from the submarine prolongations of the southern rift zones of La Palma and El Hierro. El Hierro samples taken close to the present eruptive site (<3 km distant) included fresh picrites and alkali-basalts and variably altered lapillistones and hyaloclastites. Further dredging along the submarine north-west and north-east rift zones during the Poseidon 270 cruise in 2001 recovered fresh alkali basalts from 21 young volcanic cones at depths of 800 to 2300 m together with ocean bottom sediments having a strong volcaniclastic component.
It appears overall that the density of seemingly young volcanoes on El Hierro’s submarine rifts is comparable to that on land, emphasizing the relevance of submarine eruptions during the growth of oceanic islands.

Precursors to the 2011 eruption

Numerous earthquakes were recorded by the Spanish Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) from July 2011 onwards, the greater part of them insignificant from a hazard point of view, but were clearly precursors of a volcanic eruption. In particular, seismicity, initially of low magnitude (M < 3.0) and focused north of the island, increased while migrating southward. The greater part of the hypocentres were initially concentrated within the lower oceanic crust (Fig. 2), at depths of 8–14 km (ca. 200–400 MPa pressure), which is in agreement with pressure estimates from microscopic fluid inclusions in xenoliths from north-western El Hierro and phenocrysts from a recent eruption. The seismic and petrological data are thus in-line with a scenario of a magma batch becoming trapped as an intrusion horizon, near the base or within the subisland oceanic crust. Shifting seismic foci suggest that magma progressively accumulated and expanded laterally in a southward direction, causing a vertical surface deformation of about 40 mm at that time.
During this initial phase, the system remained active but showed no sign of having overcome the resistance of the oceanic crust. Hypocenters thereafter migrated south-east, approaching the submarine prolongation of the active South rift zone. From there, the magma progressed rapidly towards the surface, as indicated by the first time occurrence of shallow (< 3 km) earthquakes on 9 October 2011.
The scenario changed dramatically at about 4 am on 10 October, when the now frequent and strong seismicity (up to M 4.4) ceased and was rather abruptly replaced by a continuous harmonic tremor, indicating the opening of a vent and thus the onset of a submarine eruption.

Fig. 2. Seismic hypocentres beneath El Hierro between 19 July and 10 October 2011. Hypocentres migrated from North towards the South rift zone of the island, where they became shallower (< 3 km). The eruption commenced on 10 October. Most of the time, seismicity remained stable at the base of the oceanic crust (data from IGN, http://www.ign.es/ign/resources/ volcanologia/ html/eventosHierro. html)

The submarine eruption

On October 10, patches of pale-colored water that smelled of sulfur and were associated with dead fish, were found floating one mile south of the coast confirming the opening of a vent on the flank of the submarine part of the South rift zone. The surface expression of this eruption, including green and bright discoloration of seawater, was clearly observed in high-resolution satellite images featuring a large stain(locally known as ‘la mancha’) visible on the surface of the Las Calmas Sea (Fig. 3A). The eruption formed aNE–SW trending fissure outlined by strong bubbling and degassing (Fig. 3B), occasionally 10–15 m high, loaded with juvenile volcanic ash and pyroclasts (Fig. 3C).
However, information on the depth and precise location of the submarine vent was lacking in the first two weeks of the eruption because of the unavailability of adequate means for submarine surveying.
On October 24, the RV Ramón Margalef of the Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO) carried out the first survey of the area, previously mapped in 1998 by the Spanish RV Hespérides (Fig. 4A). Comparison of present and 1998 bathymetry outlined a 700 m-wide, 100 m-high new volcanic cone resting at about 350 m depth in a canyon on the flank of the South Rift submarine extension (Fig. 4B). On 4 December 2011, the eruption apparently waning, the RV Ramón Margalef carried out another campaign, detecting significant growth of the volcanic edifice. The initial single eruptive center (Fig. 4A,B) had now evolved to three cones of similar height, with their summit 180–160 m below the sea surface (Fig. 4D), still below the critical value to generate significant surtseyan explosions (about 100 m below sea level).
Lava flows and pyroclasts, confined by the canyon walls, caused the greater part of the erupted volume to flow downslope towards deeper parts of the ocean floor.

Fig. 3. A. Plume of dissolved magmatic gases and suspended matter producing green and bright discolouration of seawater (locally known as ‘la mancha’) commencing on 10 October 2011 and continuing for several kilometres to the south-west before drifting off into the Atlantic (Satellite image by RapidEye). Fig. 3. B. Plumes of gas on ocean surface showing a N–S trend, indicating a submarine eruptive fissure. Inset: Expansion of steam with decreasing water depth (modified from Schmincke, 2004). C, strong degassing with abundant rock fragments generated large ‘bubbles’, some of them 10–15 m-high, bursting to the surface off the nearby village of La Restinga (8 November 2011).

 

Fig. 4. A. DEM showing the pre-eruptive submarine canyon where the 2011 eruption nested (image taken from the RV Hespérides, 1998). B. DEM of the same area taken on 24 October by the RV Ramon Margalef after the onset of underwater activity. C. Geological map of the submarine eruption from the first DEM obtained on 24 October 2011 by the RV Ramon Margalef. D. Geological map of the same area on 4 December 2011.

Floating stones off El Hierro

Abundant rock fragments resembling lava bombs on a decimeter scale (Fig. 5) and characterized by glassy basaltic crusts and white to cream-colored interiors, were found floating on the ocean surface during the first days of the eruption. The interiors of these floating rocks are glassy and vesicular (similar to pumice), with frequent mingling between the pumicelike interior and the enveloping basaltic magma (Fig. 5B).These floating rocks have become known locally as ‘restingolites’ after the nearby village of La Restinga. Their nature and origin remained elusive at first, with suggestions from the scientific community including: (1) the floating bombs are juvenile and potentially explosive high-silica magma; (2) they are fragments of marine sediment from the submarine flank of El Hierro; and (3) that they are relatively old, hydrated volcanic material. However, none of these interpretations provides a satisfying fit to the available observation since for instance, high-silica volcanism is uncommon on El Hierro, and magmatic minerals (either grown in magma or as detritus from erosion) are entirely absent in the ‘restingolites’. Given that the involvement of highly evolved, high-silica magmatism would have implications for the explosive potential of the eruption, it was important to clarify the nature of the ‘restingolites’ swiftly in order to fully assess the hazards associated with the ongoing El Hierro eruption. Furthermore, should the ‘restingolites’ be shown not to originate from high-silica magma, then unraveling their genesis will most likely provide unique insights into the volcano–magma system beneath El Hierro.
All ‘restingolite’ samples are glassy and light in color and most are macroscopically crystal-free. However, occasional quartz crystals, jasper fragments, gypsum aggregates and carbonate relicts have been identified in hand specimens. X-Ray diffractograms mainly indicate the presence of quartz, mica and/or illite, and glass. There is a notable absence of primary igneous minerals from the XRD data. Microscopic quartz crystals have also been identified and analysed using a field emission electron probe micro-analyser (FE-EPMA), as well as the composition of the glass matrix, which ranges between ~65 and 90 per cent SiO2.
The high silica content coupled with overall low incompatible trace element concentrations, the occurrence of mm-sized relict quartz crystals and the lack of igneous minerals, plus the occurrence of carbonate, clay, jasper and gypsum relicts are all  ncompatible with a purely igneous origin for the cores of the floating stones. Igneous rocks on El Hierro do not contain any free (primary) quartz crystals (nor do igneous rocks on any of the other Canary Islands).
A potential source of the quartz crystals found in the floating rocks from El Hierro is likely to be the sediments of layer 1 of the pre-island ocean crust. These contain quartz crystals transported from Africa by both wind and turbidity currents and are characterized by a lack of igneous minerals due to their pre-island age.

Fig. 5. A. ‘floating rocks’ observed in October 2011 off El Hierro. B. ‘restingolite’ sample displaying typical features, such as a crust of basalt, primary sedimentary bedding, folding, high vesicularity, and mingling structures. C. hollow basaltic bomb of the late stages of the eruption. D. similar bomb from the Serreta Oceanic Volcano, Terceira, Azores (photograph by Ulrich Küppers).

The floating rocks found at El Hierro are thus most probably the products of magma–sediment interaction beneath the volcano (Fig. 6). Ascending magma mixes with the pre-volcanic sediments and the ‘restingolites’ were carried to the ocean floor during eruption while being melted and vesiculated during transport in magma. Once erupted onto the ocean floor, some of them were able to separate from the erupting lava and floated to the sea surface due to their low density (Fig. 6).

for more information and updates, go to:    http://earthquake-report.com/2012/05/18/the-2011-submarine-volcanic-eruption-in-el-hierro-canary-islands-spain-eruption-overview/

Ferrara, Italy — Earthquake

Earthquake Ferrara, Italy : 6 fatalities, 50 injured and a lot of damage, no more missing people + many updates

Last update: May 20, 2012 at 6:20 pm by By 

Most important Earthquake Data:
Magnitude : M6.0
UTC Time : Sunday, May 20, 2012 at 02:03:52 UTC
Local time at epicenter : Sunday, May 20, 2012 at 04:03:52 AM at epicenter
Depth (Hypocenter) : 5.1 km
Geo-location(s) :
7 km NW Finale emilia (pop 15,337)
30 km W Ferrara (pop 131,771)
36 km (22 miles) NNW of Bologna, 

Update 18:20 UTC :  Mantua, Modena, shelters, highways
-150 people have been listed by the Mantua authorities for shelter for the night. They are unable to return to their damaged houses
– Modena has installed temporary shelters for 2000 homeless people
– The regional highway authority was happy to tell the press that NO problems were reported in their regional network of more than 400 bridges, viaducts, tunnels, etc

Update 18:13 UTC :  Rovigo churches,  firefighter,  cultural heritage
– Churches have been closed for further inspection in the Rovigo province.
– A firefighter who fell from a roof when the building he was inspecting during an aftershock collapsed is conscious again. Good news, but a further proof that these people are taking great risks to get close to unstable buildings.
– The vast cultural heritage in between Modena and Ferrara and especially in Emilia Finale has been suffered enormously.

Update 17:54 UTC :  aftershocks, hospital, PM Monti
– We have just counted 64 aftershocks since the mainshock at 02.03 UTC
– Civil protection will be helping with the evacuation of the hospital in Finale Emilia
– Prime Minister Monti, currently in Chicago for the G8 meeting, has said that he will do everything in his power to cope with the situation.  He is constantly updated by the responsible presidents of the damaged provinces.
– The Sant’Agostina area has suffered seriously from the M5.1 aftershock from this afternoon.

Update 17:13 UTC :  anti-looting, missing persons
– Police have organized anti-looting patrols to take care of unattended houses and buildings
– The president of Emilia Romagno has said to the press that nobody is missing anymore, making it probable that the current list of killend and injured people will remain as it is

KEEP FOLLOWING OUR NEWS REPORTS – EARTHQUAKE-REPORT.COM is probably the only specialized earthquake reporting website in the world combining scientific information with human impact information.

Update 16:21 UTC :  displaced people, additional damage after aftershock, power, animals
– Because of some cracks in Mantua’s Palazzo Ducale, the fire department has decided to close the building for the public
– The number of displaced people (people who cannot return to their houses) is currently estimated to be 3,000.
– The M5.1 aftershock was responsible for the additional collapse of a still standing part of the Sant’Agostine town hall
– ENEL, the main Italian power company, said that besides some isolated cases, all users have electricity again.
– Misery for a number of animals too. A number of stables have been collapsed and at least a herd of cows and breeding pigs have been covered by the rubble. We expect more livestock to be in trouble as everybody knows that stables are often in a bad condition.

Update 16:00 UTC : prisoners evacuated, telecommunications and Railway line working again
– Italian Railways have reopened the Bologna – Verona railway route.
– The Modena province has asked the national government to take urgent measures to help the owners of damaged houses and businesses. An extension in time to enter tax forms isd one of them.
– The 200 users cutoff from Telecommunications at Finale Emilia have been reconnected
– 500 prisoners have been evacuated from the Ferrara prison. Some of the prisoners were maffia linked and had to be kept away from others because of testimony programs.

Update 15:27 UTC : Damage will be huge!
Earlier in this article, we have reported to believe that the damage would go into the hundreds of millions of Euro’s. We will have to boost this damage considerably as a lot of factories and buildings may be found unstable to continue producing goods.  This economic damage will be added on top of the structural damage to buildings. James Daniell, an earthquake damage specialist working at Cedim Germany, will certainly be able to produce a very good estimate by tomorrow afternoon.

Update 15:21 UTC : Strong aftershock
A M5.1 aftershock struck the epicenter area at 13:18 UTC (15:18 local time). The depth of the hypocenter was at 8.9 km following USGS. INGV, Italy seismological institute, reports the same Magnitude but a depth of 5.1 km.
These continuous aftershocks are bad news for the people in the greater earthquake area as they will go on for many hours and will last at least until tomorrow, meaning that a lot of people will have to spend the night outside their own houses.  The aftershocks will gradually weaken, but the situation will be at least unstable for a limited number of days. The epicenter of the last aftershock was very close to Ferrara, much closer than the mainshock.  Normally, a M5.1 earthquake is not really damaging, but in combination with already unstable buildings, such shocks will be capable to increase the amount of damage considerably.

Update 15:19 UTC : 300,000 cheeses probably lost
300000 cheeses have been destroyed (buried under rubble etc.). These are mostly the popular Grana Padanoand Parmigiano Reggiano cheese types. The total of this damage will be around 50 million euros. At least 10 million kilos of the cheese are estimated to be under the rubble.Luckily, noone was killed, as these cheeses weigh between 36 and 38 kilos each.
 The total damage from the event has been estimated around 250 million euros. The stacked cheeses fell and have been covered by debris. How much is salvageable is unknown
The cheese factory and storage is located in Mantovano. The damage from this factory alone is estimated to be 250 million euros.

List of the deceased (5 in the Ferrara province and 1 in Bologna province)
– Nicholas Cavicchi, 35, resident of San Martino (Ferrara) and killed while working in factory in Sant’Agostino
– Ansaloni Leonardo, 51, resident of Reno Centese (Ferrara) and killed in the same factory as Mr. Cavacchi
– Gerardo Cesaro, 59, resident of Moline.
– Tarik Naouch, 29, residing in Crevalcore. Mr. Naouch was killed in the Ursa factory in Ponte Rodoni di Bondeno
– Nerina Balboni, 103, got a heart attack when she was buried partly by debris
– 37 year old German woman died of a heart attack in Bologna (we are still searching for her identity)
Earthquake-Report.com pays his respects to the family of all the deceased.

Update 12:19 UTC :
-The President of the National Council of Engineers has said that all efforts have now to be invested in more earthquake-resistant buildings. He mentioned especially the need to further stabilize historic buildings, one of the main damaged building types during this earthquake.
– The President of the Lombardy province, Mr. Roberto Formigoni, has joined the plea of the President of Emilia Romagna to call the State of Emergency in the earthquake damaged areas. Mantua, another seriously hit area is part of Lombardy.
– Schools will be closed tomorrow as inspection of school buildings will take place

Update 11:31 UTC :
– The number of people killed directly or indirectly remains the same
– Fifty people have been reported as injured
– The body of Gerardo Cesaro, worker at the Tecopress company has been recovered from below the rubble
– Italian President Napolitano has send his sympathy to the family of the killed people and has also send words of thanks to the  SAR people and all people involved in helping the victims of the earthquake. President Napolitano is constantly updated from the situation by the Italian Civil protection.
– Aftershocks are continue to strike the area.  At 11:13 a M4.2 aftershock made it very clear that the dangerous hours are not over yet. Stronger aftershocks are very exceptional but occur from time to time.
– The President of Emilia-Romagna has asked the National Government to call the state of National Emergency for the area.

Image courtesy INGV Italia – Yellow star : mainshock – yellow circle : M4.1 foreshock – big red circles : aftershocks in between M4 to M5

Update 09:55 UTC : Mr. Gabrielli, chief of the regional Civil Protection has declared that the situation is “under control”. Mr. Gabrielli told the press that he has overflown the greater earthquake area and that he has not seen serious problematic areas. Traffic is going smoothly, infrastructure is almost intact and damage is not widespread.

Update 09:47 UTC :
– Italian Civil Protection is organizing shelters for people who’s houses have been damaged by the earthquake.
– tens of people have been injured during the earthquake. The devastation is not widespread. Only isolated houses and buildings have suffered serious damage. We expect not earthquake-resistant building methods to be one of the major reasons that such serious damage has been inflicted.
– The collapse, partial collapse and damaged historic buildings are currently visited by Civil Protection and Local authorities to become a clear picture of the amount of damage.
– Earthquake-Report.com is increasing the expected amount of damage into the hundreds of millions Euros.  This amount not only includes damage to buildings and historic sites but also to the economy.

Update 09:23 UTC : INGV has reported 41 aftershocks so far, the strongest being a M4.9 at 03:02 UTC (05:02 local Italian time). 5 aftershocks measured M4 or higher and 14 aftershocks in between M3 and M4.

Update 09:15 UTC : The Mantua area was also seriously damaged. The church of Felonica in Mantua was damaged.

Update 09:11 UTC : Many people in the greater epicenter area remain in the streets fearing for aftershocks.

Important Update 08:56 UTC : The death toll has increased to 6 when a worker was found under the rubble of the Tecopress factory at St. Augustine (Ferrara). 4 are considered in earthquake terms as shaking deaths, 2 people have been killed indirectly (see below).

Update 08:47 UTC : Click on the pictures below to see more images of the damage inflicted by this deadly earthquake.

Images courtesy and copyright La Repubblica – Click on the images to see more of them

Update 08:35 UTC :  The Chief of Civil Protection from the Ferrara province has just arrived at the Prefecture office and is now leading an assessment and operations meeting with his staff.
– Based on the many images we have seen so far, the damage will run into at least tens of millions of Euro’s, probably a lot more. Some historic buildings have collapsed completely, others partially. Industrial warehouses have been damaged. So far we have NO immediate numbers of injured, but a lot of people living in damaged houses must have at least minor injures.

Update 08:26 UTC :  To give our readers an idea of the extend of the damage, we have combined a “before” and “after” image of the Castle of Finale Emilio. The angle is not the same, but you can see very good that the towers have almost completely collapsed.  Images courtesy and copyright of its owners, damaged castle from Gianluca Diegoli via twitter and the “before” picture from animoweb.it.

Update 08:18 UTC :  The earthquake was also felt in the neighboring countries. We got I Have Felt It reports from the Alps region, Slovenia and the Cote d’Azur (France).

Update 08:09 UTC :  2 helicopters of the Italian Police are overflying the earthquake hit areas and are trying to locate and to guide SAR forces (Search and Rescue forces) to eventual collapsed or heavily damaged buildings. These overflying helicopters are especially looking for old abandoned houses were often poor families are residing.

Update 08:01 UTC : The Palace of Venice, an historic building in Finale Emilia, badly hit by the earthquake, is partially collapsed. The 11 people from three families who lived there were rescued by SAT personnel.

Update 07:58 UTC : It is still not sure how many people have exactly perished during this earthquake. We have counted 4 so far, but the number may increase slightly. Let us make an overview.
– 2 indirect fatalities (a 37 year old ill woman died probably of an heart attack and a 100 year old person probably from the same)
– a Moroccan worker died in Ponte Rodoni, Bondeno. He worked at Ursa, a polystyrene foam company, and his shift would end at 5.  He was killed when a support beam collapsed on his head.
– 2 Italian workers were killed when a roof from a ceramics manufacturing company collapsed on them. Theur work shift would have ended at 6.
3 shaking deaths and 2 indirect killed people is the sad result so far.

Update 07:45 UTC : A 5 year old child was rescued out of the rubble in a collapsed building in Finale Emilia !

Historic earthquakes map courtesy INGV – earthquake in between M6 and M7

Update 07:32 UTC : The earthquake’s epicenter was located in a area which has no damaging earthquakes since a long time.  We have to go back to 1570 for a major earthquake nearFerrara and to even 1346 for another M6 to M7 earthquake at a distance of approx. 20 km from the current epicenter. From 2002 to 2008 6 smaller earthquakes (less than M4) occurred within a radius of 20 km.

Update 07:17 UTC : A lot of people are asking themselves why an earthquake with (only) a M5.9 Magnitude can inflict such a lot of serious damage.  Not only was this earthquake very shallow (close to the surface), but one of the main factors is that the earthquake occurred in a relatively soft soil area. Soft ground layers are propagating the earthquake waves a lot stronger than areas with harder rocky layers.

Update 06:41 UTC : 2 earthquake of respectively M4.1 and M2.2 were precursors of the damaging M6 mainshock. Since that mainshock, INGV has recorded 12 aftershocks!

Important Update 06:39 UTC : We are sad to tell that a 4th fatality has been reported. We have also a few more details on the killed people. All of the death people are coming from the Ferrara area. 2 people died in a pottery factory in Ferrara. A third person died in the Ferrara Bondeno industrial zone and the 4th victim was a 37 year ill woman who died of an heart attack.

Update : The video below shows the damage to a couple of buildings in the Ferrara area.  The shaking must have been very strong to inflict this kind of damage.

Update : The video below is mainly a picture from a damaged building combined with an interview with the Governor of the Ferrara province (in Italian). The governor talks about a lot of damage to bridges, schools, historic buildings etc. She calls the situation very serious.

Update 06:35 UTC : In San Felice sul Panaro, near Modena, the tower of the fortress collapsed. Another tower went down in Finale Emilia, and a nursing home was evacuated.

Update : Mostly historic buildings have been damaged in the quake. Click here for series of images from La Repubblica.  Some churches and older buildings collapsed completely.

Damage in Northern Italy after the May 20 earthquake – Images courtesy and copyright La Repubblica – Please click on these pictures to see more of them in La Repubblica

Update : The 3 killed people are believed to be 3 farm workers in the Ferrara area

Update : The heavy shaking lated for about 20 seconds

Update : As what can be expected, everybody ran to the streets after feeling the shaking.

Update : A church bell collapsed in Ferrara, in Finale Emilia a church steeple was reported damage, in San Felice Parano a segment of a castle collapsed.

Update : USGS has upgraded the earthquake to 6.0 at a depth of only 5km. The updated PAGER says 73,000 people would felt a severe shaking!! and 178,000 a very strong shaking. Avery bad sign.

Update :  An also strong aftershock M5.1 occurred 59 minutes later

Shaking map courtesy USGS

Update :  The village who has been hit most (MMI VIII) was Camposanto, a little town with 3,000 inhabitants.

for more information, and updates, go to:    http://earthquake-report.com/2012/05/20/very-strong-shallow-earthquake-kills-at-least-3-people-in-the-mantua-ferrara-and-modena-area-italy/